December 17, 1862

U.S. Grant became outraged that some unscrupulous traders had created a black market in southern cotton. He was also convinced that Jews were playing a primary role (in part, perhaps, because his own father had tried to get a piece of the action, along with a Jewish trader.  A few weeks later, President Lincoln revoked the order.

1. The Jews, as a class violating every regulation of trade established by the Treasury Department and also department orders, are hereby expelled from the Department [of the Tennessee] within twenty-four hours from the receipt of this order.
2. Post commanders will see to it that all of this class of people be furnished passes and required to leave, and any one returning after such notification will be arrested and held in confinement until an opportunity occurs of sending them out as prisoners, unless furnished with permit from headquarters.
3. No passes will be given these people to visit headquarters for the purpose of making personal application of trade permits.