Colonial Period

George Washington, General Orders, May 05, 1778

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

George Washington May 5, 1778 Washington called for prayers of thanks after France formally allied with the Colonists. Earlier, Washington had clamped down on anti-Catholic bigotry in the Continental Army in part because he knew the new nation would need support from France, a Catholic nation. Head Quarters, V. Forge, Tuesday, May 5, 1778. AFTER ORDERS It having pleased the Almighty ruler of the Universe propitiously to defend the Cause of the United American-States and finally by raising us up…

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George Washington, General Orders, March 22, 1783

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

George Washington March 22, 1783 Washington orders his soldiers to observe the Sabbath. Parole Ghent. Countersigns Holland, Ireland. For the day tomorrow Major Ashley. Brigd. Qr. Master 3d. Massa. Brigade. For duty the 2d. Massachusetts regiment. In justice to the zeal and ability of the Chaplains, as well as to his own feelings, the Commander in chief thinks it a duty to declare the regularity and decorum with which divine service is now performed every sunday, will reflect great credit…

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George Washington, General Orders, July 16, 1775

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

George Washington July 16, 1775 Washington orders his troops to worship and abide by Congress’s declaration of Humiliation, Fasting and Prayer Head Quarters, Cambridge, July 16, 1775. Parole Carolina. Countersign Springfield. The Continental Congress having earnestly recommended, that “Thursday next the 20th. Instant, be observed by the Inhabitants of all the english Colonies upon this Continent, as a Day of public Humiliation, Fasting and Prayer; that they may with united Hearts and Voice unfeignedly confess their Sins before God, and…

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George Washington, General Orders, July 09, 1776

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

George Washington July 9, 1776 George Washington announces the new policy of providing military chaplains. Head Quarters, New York, July 9, 1776. Parole Manchester. Countersign Norfolk. John Evans of Capt. Ledyards Company Col McDougall’s Regiment–Hopkins Rice of Capt. Pierce’s Company Col Ritzema’s Regiment having been tried by a General Court Martial whereof Col. Read was President and found guilty of “Desertion,” were sentenced to receive each Thirty-nine Lashes. The General approves the Sentences and orders them to be executed at…

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George Washington, General Orders, July 09, 1776

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

George Washington July 9, 1776 Head Quarters, New York, July 9, 1776. Parole Manchester. Countersign Norfolk. John Evans of Capt. Ledyards Company Col McDougall’s Regiment–Hopkins Rice of Capt. Pierce’s Company Col Ritzema’s Regiment having been tried by a General Court Martial whereof Col. Read was President and found guilty of “Desertion,” were sentenced to receive each Thirty-nine Lashes. The General approves the Sentences and orders them to be executed at the usual time and place. Passes to go from the…

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George Washington, General Orders, July 04, 1775

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 1 comment

George Washington July 4, 1775 Washington believed that God’s favor would be determined not only by the righteousness of the cause but the behavior of the soldiers and citizens. Head Quarters, Cambridge, July 4, 1775. Parole Abington. Countersign Bedford. Exact returns to be made by the proper Officers of all the Provisions Ordnance, Ordnance Stores, Powder, Lead working Tools of all kinds, Tents, Camp Kettles, and all other Stores under their respective care, belonging to the Armies at Roxbury and…

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Delaware Declaration of Rights and Fundamental Rules, September 11, 1776

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

Delaware Congress September 11, 1776 The religious freedom clauses of the Delaware declaration of rights granted broad religious freedom to “all Persons professing the Christian Religion.” That all Men have a natural and unalienable Right to worship Almighty God according to the Dictates of their own Consciences and Understandings; that no Man ought or of Right can be compelled to attend any religious Worship or maintain any Ministry contrary to or against his own free Will and Consent, and that…

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Delaware Constitution of 1776

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 1 comment

Delaware 1776 Article 22 of the Constitution required officeholders to swear belief in the Trinity and the “divine inspiration” of the Bible. Art. 22. Every person who shall be chosen a member of either house, or appointed to any office or place of trust, before taking his seat, or entering upon the execution of his office, shall take the following oath, or affirmation, if conscientiously scrupulous of taking an oath, to wit: “I, A B, will bear true allegiance to…

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Continental Congress Appeals to the Inhabitants of the Province of Quebec, October 26, 1774

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

Continental Congress October 26, 1774 Just five days after complaining that Britain, through the Quebec Act, was giving too much freedom to Canadian Catholics, the Continental Congress flip-flopped and issued this message to curry favor with the Catholics to the north. After cataloguing the many rights and privileges accorded colonists, the Congress asked, “What is offered to you by the late Act of Parliament in their place? Liberty of conscience in your religion? No. God gave it to you.” Friends…

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Northwest Ordinance, 1787

May 23, 2017 Religious Freedom Archive Comments 0 Comment

Continental Congress July 13, 1787 This is the law that governed a huge swath of land. Though Congress deferred to the states on most matters, these were nationally-owned lands and therefore policy was set by the national Congress. It was the most significant effort by the pre-Constitution Congress to spell out views on religion and the state. The key provision was Article 1, which provided expansive religious freedom: “No person, demeaning himself in a peaceable and orderly manner, shall ever…

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